HEAS

A user’s guide to HEAS:

Is this the income top up you need?

Using home equity as a retirement income seems to be the last well kept secret. But that, too, is changing as more industry commentators scrutinise the home wealth access products on the market and conclude that they do have their place in retirement funding. This is why home equity became quite a talking point a few weeks ago, after the Actuaries Institute pressed for stronger encouragement for such loans. You may recall our coverage of this report, which drew lots of robust debate in our comments section.

The comments tended to fall into one of three camps:

  • I will never, never, never do this,
  • I might do this, under certain circumstances, or 
  • Why not? I’m prepared to take a look.

Today we focus on the government’s Home Equity Access Scheme (HEAS) as it is this form of home equity access that is showing the most rapid uptake. The other two main types of equity access are:

  • Reverse mortgages which are offered by a range of private lenders. The loan is repaid when the property is sold or when the borrower passes away.

OR

  • Home reversion schemes again offered by private lenders, where a portion of the equity in the home is either sold for a lump sum (or regular payments). The lender has an agreement for a share in the future sale of the property.

What is the Home Equity Access Scheme?

First known as the Pension Loan Scheme, this loan was introduced by the Hawke government in 1985 for Age Pensioners only. It had negligible uptake for the next few decades and was then renamed the Home Equity Access Scheme by the Morrison government in January 2022 and in July 2022 it was widened to allow more retirees to use it. 

Put simply, this scheme allows Australians aged 67 or older to supplement their retirement funding by accessing wealth in their home. Repayment is deferred until the home is sold or the owner dies. HEAS is processed by Centrelink (and Department of Veterans Affairs) and provides eligible Australian homeowners of Age Pension age with a fortnightly income stream – or lump sums – from their home equity.

What are the rules:

As per Centrelink’s website, you may apply for this home loan if you meet all of these conditions:

  • you or your partner are Age Pension age or older (67
  • you get or are eligible to get a qualifying pension (Age Pension, Carer Payment or Disability Support Pension)
  • you or your partner own real estate in Australia you can use as security for the loan
  • you or your partner, or any co-owner of the property, aren’t bankrupt or subject to a personal insolvency agreement
  • you have adequate and appropriate insurance that covers the real estate offered as security.

How much can you borrow?

HEAS loan amounts are tied to Age Pension rates. The annual amount is a maximum of 1.5 times the maximum Age Pension rate. This is also subject to a maximum balance which is calculated according to your age and the value of your home. These payments are not taxed.

Do HEAS payments affect your Age Pension entitlements?

As long as you take the loan amount as a regular income stream (which is spent on living expenses or non-assessable assets) then there is no impact on your Age Pension.

What is the interest rate?

The interest rate (since 1 Jan 2022) is 3.95%. Yes, this is low in comparison to market rates for reverse mortgage lenders (typically 8.4 – 9.63%). The rate is set at the discretion of the relevant minister and whilst market conditions would suggest it could be set much higher, it is possible that the Australian Government is prepared to offer a relatively ‘low’ rate in order to encourage as many retirees as possible to tap into their own assets in the here and now, rather than pay more via Age Pension entitlements, etc.

How many people are using the HEAS scheme?

Whilst there has been a near doubling of uptake in the past few years, according to Department of Social Services data (2023) , a mere 10,000 out of the nearly three million homeowners aged over sixty five have taken advantage of this scheme. There is much conjecture why. One sentiment is that many retirees spend years working hard to pay off their homes so the mere idea of taking on any form of debt again is just not desirable. Back in the 1990s some reverse mortgage products based upon the UK market models were tried and found to be wanting. But perhaps the most important innovation in home equity access in Australia is the introduction of legislation enforcing the ‘No Negative Equity Guarantee’ (NNEG) for both HEAS and reverse mortgages. The NNEG protects you from ever owing more on your loan than your home is worth.

In brief, what are the pros and cons?

Benefits of a HEAS loan include:

  • HEAS offers a very low interest rate
  • Both Age Pensioners and self-funded retirees are eligible
  • Payments can now be received as an income stream or specified lump sum payments 

Worth checking:

  • Ultimately this loan, like all others, will need to be repaid when the property is sold or bequeathed. Legal costs and the above-mentioned interest will also apply
  • It’s important that those with an interest in your estate are aware of any loan arrangements to prevent messy legal wrangles afterwards
  • There may be other ways of topping up your income before accessing home wealth; it’s important to check

Could HEAS payments provide a reliable form of extra income in your retirement?

Or are you completely against the idea of home equity under any circumstances?

Professors Katja Hanewald and Hazel Bateman from the Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR) have written a very accessible discussion paper on equity access which explains all the key features for those who love to do even more homework.

And this brief government history of the HEAS further elucidates the fine print.

A Retirement Forecast consultation is a helpful way of discussing all retirement funding options. And dealing with a mortgage as you move into retirement is another time when a discussion with an experienced adviser helps you work through your possibilities.